Early-Onset Cancers: Investigating Etiology, Mechanisms, and Early Detection Strategies (RP1 Clinical Trials Optional)

This NIH Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) seeks research proposals that explore why non‑hereditary early‑onset cancers (ages 18‑49) are rising, identify modifiable environmental or lifestyle risk factors, elucidate underlying biological mechanisms, and develop early‑detection strategies. The program supports both exploratory/developmental projects (up to 2 years) and larger research projects (4‑5 years) using the RP1 grant mechanism. Applicants may be U.S. or foreign entities that meet NIH eligibility criteria. Funding is discretionary, with no set ceiling, and awards are expected to begin July 2027. • Focus areas: (i) environmental/lifestyle exposures driving early‑onset cancer incidence; (ii) biological mechanisms and host responses; (iii) improved risk‑identification methods. • Eligible applicants: universities, nonprofits, for‑profit firms, small businesses, tribal governments, state/local governments, and foreign organizations (subject to NIH policy). • Project periods: up to 2 years (exploratory) or 4‑5 years (standard). • Funding instrument: RP1 Science‑Driven Research Project (grant). • Estimated award start: July 1 2027; submission deadline October 11 2029. • Required deliverables: Data Management & Sharing Plan, annual RPPRs, final close‑out reports. • Contact: NCI scientific contact (email above) and eRA Service Desk for technical assistance.